CEREBRAL VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

Cerebral salt wasting following traumatic brain injury

SUMMARY Hyponatraemia is the most commonly encountered electrolyte disturbance in neurological high dependency and intensive care units. Cerebral salt wasting (CSW) is the most elusive and challenging of the causes of hyponatraemia, and it is vital to distinguish it from the more familiar syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Managing CSW requires correction of the intravascul...

Cerebral Autoregulation Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Cerebral pressure autoregulation (AR) is a complex intrinsic control mechanism which maintains a constant cerebral blood flow (CBF). This mechanism was found to be impaired after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and was suggested to be associated with variety of cerebrovacular abnormalities found after injury, as disturb AR might increases the vulnerability of the brain to secondary ischemic insult...

Pituitary dysfunction following traumatic brain injury: clinical perspectives

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a well recognized public health problem worldwide. TBI has previously been considered as a rare cause of hypopituitarism, but an increased prevalence of neuroendocrine dysfunction in patients with TBI has been reported during the last 15 years in most of the retrospective and prospective studies. Based on data in the current literature, approximately 15%-20% of T...

Molecular mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction following traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in significant disability due to cognitive deficits particularly in attention, learning and memory, and higher-order executive functions. The role of TBI in chronic neurodegeneration and the development of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and most recently chronic tra...

Endocrine dysfunction in the immediate period following traumatic brain injury